Gabon approves new constitution, marks shift to civilian rule
Gabon has taken a major step toward reestablishing civilian governance, with a referendum on a new constitution passing overwhelmingly by 91% on Saturday.
Gabon has taken a major step toward reestablishing civilian governance, with a referendum on a new constitution passing overwhelmingly by 91% on Saturday. The ruling junta, which seized power in a military coup in August 2023, hailed the approval as a decisive break from the country’s 55-year cycle of dynastic rule under the Bongo family.
The new constitution introduces significant reforms, including a presidential term limit of two seven-year terms, the removal of the prime minister’s office, and the exclusion of dynastic succession. It also mandates that presidential candidates must be Gabonese, with at least one Gabon-born parent and a Gabonese spouse. The changes disqualify former President Ali Bongo, whose wife is French.
Transitional President Brice Oligui Nguema, who voted in civilian attire, described the referendum as “a great step forward” and pledged a return to civilian rule after a two-year transition period. “This marks a new era for our country,” he said. “We are dismantling a system that concentrated power in the hands of a few to build a future that is inclusive and democratic.”
The process was closely monitored, with international observers ensuring transparency. “Unlike previous elections, the presence of international observers reassures us that this was a fair and transparent process,” said Interior Minister Lambert Noël Matha.
The interior ministry reported a 71% voter turnout, with polling stations operating from 7:00 AM to 6:00 PM. Despite some delays in Libreville, the vote proceeded without major incidents. To maintain order, the junta extended the night curfew by two hours, keeping it in effect until midnight.
Citizens expressed cautious optimism about the changes. “It’s a relief to see a new direction for our country,” said Libreville resident Florence Mbanda. “But the real test will be in addressing unemployment and rising costs of living.”
An Afrobarometer survey revealed that 87% of respondents believed the country was moving in the right direction. However, concerns about healthcare, job creation, and economic reform remain at the forefront.
The military junta, which ousted Ali Bongo after his lengthy rule, emphasized that the referendum was a key step in reshaping Gabon’s political and economic future. “This referendum is not just about governance—it’s about restoring hope and trust in the system,” said junta spokesperson Colonel Ulrich Manfoumbi.
While the new constitution represents a historic shift, Gabon faces ongoing challenges in achieving stability and addressing its citizens’ pressing needs.
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